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ExplainerYahoo closes GeoCities: how the web lost millions of home pagesYahoo bought GeoCities for billions in 1999 and switched it off a decade later. The closure became a turning point for web preservation.ExplainerThe Storm worm: the botnet that started with a weather headlineIn January 2007 an email about deadly storms in Europe spread a Trojan that built one of the largest peer-to-peer botnets of its time.ExplainerGPLv3: how the free software licence was rewrittenAfter 18 months of public drafting, the Free Software Foundation published version 3 of the GNU General Public License in June 2007.ExplainerThe UK identity card scheme: from Act of Parliament to shredded registerBritain legislated for national ID cards backed by a central biometric register, then abolished the whole scheme within five years.ExplainerThe netbook era: small, cheap laptops that briefly drove PC growthThe Asus Eee PC started a boom in low-cost mini laptops that propped up PC sales, until tablets and thinner laptops took their place.

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Password strength checker

Type a password to estimate its strength. The check runs locally in your browser. Nothing is sent, logged or stored.

Start typing to see an estimate.

How the estimate works

The checker estimates the size of the search space from the length and the kinds of characters used, then subtracts strength for common patterns: dictionary words, keyboard runs such as “qwerty”, repeated characters, sequences such as “1234” and years. Guessing times assume an attacker can try ten billion guesses a second against a fast, unsalted hash, which is a pessimistic case.

What makes a strong password

Length matters more than complexity. A passphrase of four or more unrelated words is both strong and memorable. Use a different password for every account, keep them in a password manager, and turn on two-factor authentication wherever it is offered.